Top 150 Spurgeon Quotes (With Meanings)

Charles Spurgeon was a famous preacher known for his powerful words and wisdom. His quotes inspire many people today, offering guidance on faith, life, and love. Spurgeon’s messages are clear and meaningful, which is why they still resonate with us. Whether you are looking for encouragement or insight, his quotes can provide comfort and hope.

Today, we will share some of Spurgeon’s best quotes that can lift your spirits and inspire you in everyday life. These sayings remind us of the importance of kindness, faith, and perseverance. Get ready to be inspired by the timeless wisdom of Charles Spurgeon!

Spurgeon Quotes

“It is not how much we have, but how much we enjoy, that makes happiness.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us that happiness does not stem from material possessions. Instead, it’s about our ability to appreciate what we have. We can find joy in the simplest things if we focus on gratitude rather than wanting more. When we cultivate a mindset of enjoyment and thanksgiving, we create an environment where true happiness can flourish in our lives.

“By perseverance, the snail reached the ark.”Charles Spurgeon

This is a motivating image of perseverance, likening our journey to that of a snail. It teaches us that slow progress is still progress. We can apply this to our own lives as we face challenges. No matter how sluggish our progress may seem, as long as we keep trying and moving forward, we are on the right path. Perseverance will lead us to our goals.

“A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.”Charles Spurgeon

“The greatest joy is to see the one who gave his life for us, reigning in glory.”Charles Spurgeon

In this quote, we are reminded of the joy found in faith and the love of Christ. Recognizing His sacrifice gives us a sense of purpose and joy in our lives. When we focus on His glory, we gain a deeper appreciation for our faith, leading us closer to Him and allowing His teachings to guide us.

“Prayer is an earnest, serious business. It does not intend to be a mocker.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the importance of sincerity in our prayers. When we pray, we should approach with genuine intentions and focus. It’s a way to connect deeply with our faith and seek guidance. By treating prayer as a meaningful conversation with God, we can experience profound insights and support in our lives.

“If you want to know what you are, ask yourself what you love.”Charles Spurgeon

Our loves reveal our true nature. This quote invites us to reflect on what we prioritize and why it matters. By understanding our passions, we can form a clearer picture of who we are as individuals. This awareness can guide us in making choices that resonate with our values, leading us toward genuine satisfaction and fulfillment.

“The law is like a mirror. It shows us our blemishes, but it cannot remove them.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote draws an analogy between the law and a mirror, revealing its true function. While rules and guidelines help us recognize our flaws, they cannot change our hearts. Acknowledging our imperfections is the first step toward growth and improvement, leading us to seek the support and love we need to make real changes in our lives.

“Our anxiety does not empty tomorrow of its sorrows, but only empties today of its strength.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote speaks to the burden of worry. It reminds us that anxiety cannot change future outcomes but can affect our present strength. By letting go of our fears, we can harness our energy for positive actions today. Embracing a positive mindset allows us to face our challenges head-on and find solutions rather than being paralyzed by worry.

“It is the highest art of the devil to persuade you that he does not exist.”Charles Spurgeon

This powerful line highlights the impact of denial in our spiritual journey. Acknowledging the presence of evil and challenges in our lives is essential for growth. Awareness allows us to strengthen our faith and resistance. By confronting temptation and evil, we develop the tools necessary to navigate our lives with resilience and conviction.

“There is no use in learning if you do not use what you learn.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to put knowledge into action. Learning is valuable, but applying that knowledge to our lives is what truly counts. By actively using what we learn, we create meaningful experiences that help us grow. Let’s commit to making choices that reflect our understanding and take steps towards personal improvement.

“A church that does not make an impact on the community is a church that is not living in full obedience to God.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote speaks directly to the mission of churches and their role in society. Our faith should inspire us to reach out and make a difference in our communities. A church active in serving others reflects the teachings of Christ. We should strive to be agents of change, positively influencing those around us and embodying the love of God.

“Remember that you are virtuous in God’s eyes, even when you feel unworthy.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us of our inherent worth in the eyes of God. No matter our past mistakes or feelings of inadequacy, we are valued and cherished by Him. This knowledge can inspire us to embrace our true selves and live confidently, knowing that we have a loving Creator who sees our potential.

“The best way to keep your mind from being idle is to fill it with valuable thoughts.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to be proactive in cultivating positive thinking. By filling our minds with uplifting content, we can avoid negativity and distractions. We can nurture our creativity and sense of purpose by focusing on valuable thoughts, which can lead to growth, inspiration, and encouragement in our daily lives.

“Do not listen to those who do not agree with you; listen to only the Holy Spirit.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote urges us to seek divine guidance rather than relying solely on the opinions of others. We can deepen our understanding of faith and grow spiritually by being in tune with the Holy Spirit. Trusting this inner voice creates a strong connection to our beliefs and allows us to make choices based on our spirituality instead of outside influences.

“Every morning brings a choice: to practice stress or to practice peace.”Charles Spurgeon

This insightful quote reminds us how we approach each day can shape our mindset. We have the power to choose peace over chaos, which can significantly impact our well-being. By consciously focusing on peace, we can create a more positive daily experience, ultimately fostering better relationships and a healthy state of mind.

“Trials teach us what we are; they dig up the soil and let us see what we are made of.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote presents the idea that challenges reveal our true character. When we face difficult times, we learn about our strengths, weaknesses, and resilience. These experiences can shape us, helping us grow and become better people. Embracing trials as learning opportunities allows us to cultivate wisdom and maturity through every hardship.

“Let us make it our business to look after the souls of men.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights the importance of caring for others. Our relationships and interactions can help guide others toward growth and healing. By prioritizing the well-being of those around us and being attentive to their needs, we can make a lasting impact. Let’s commit ourselves to care, support, and uplift each other on our shared journey.

“My faith rests not in what I am or shall be, but in what Christ is and has done for me.”Charles Spurgeon

In this quote, we are reminded that our faith is anchored in Christ’s love and sacrifice. Personal shortcomings or shortcomings do not define our worth. Instead, we can lean on the strength and forgiveness that Christ offers, allowing His grace to shape our identity and destiny now and in the future.

“I know of no greater joy than to hear of people coming to faith.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reflects the joy found in witnessing others embrace faith. Sharing faith and celebrating conversions can strengthen our own beliefs and inspire us to continue spreading the message. As we actively engage with our communities, we contribute to others’ happiness and spiritual journeys, enriching our lives in the process.

“We are never so happy as when we are working for the salvation of others.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the fulfillment we can derive from helping others. When we work together to uplift those around us, our sense of purpose and happiness grows. In unity, we can create lasting change and spread love. Finding joy in service encourages us to engage with our communities and continue spreading positivity.

“Nothing teaches us about the preciousness of the Creator as much as the knowledge of our own wretchedness.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights the relationship between our flaws and our understanding of God’s grace. Recognizing our shortcomings allows us to appreciate His love even more. By being aware of our imperfections, we can grow closer to our Creator. This journey helps us transition from regret to gratitude, leading to a deeper bond with God.

“Our failures are not only our teachers, but they are also our friends.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to view failures in a new light. Instead of seeing them as setbacks, we can recognize them as opportunities for growth. Our experiences can become valuable learning tools that guide us along our path. Embracing our failures can foster resilience and motivate us to keep striving toward our dreams.

“You cannot be a true soldier unless you are armed.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote serves as a reminder that we need the right tools for spiritual battles. Building a strong foundation in faith equips us to face life’s challenges. By immersing ourselves in prayer, encouragement, and learning, we can develop a resilient spirit that allows us to stand firm when faced with adversity.

“Wherever you are, be all there.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote calls for mindfulness and commitment in every moment. By being present, we can fully engage with our experiences and connect deeply with others. Embracing the now leads to richer relationships and personal growth. Let’s strive to commit ourselves to the moments that matter and fully appreciate what life has to offer.

“What we are, we are by God’s grace.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights the importance of God’s grace in our lives. It reminds us that our identities and accomplishments are not solely based on our efforts but heavily rely on His love and support. Recognizing this provides us with humility and gratitude, allowing us to draw strength from our Creator as we navigate life’s journey.

“A heart that loves is always young.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the vitality that love brings to our lives. Our capacity to love unconditionally can keep us young and invigorated, regardless of age. By nurturing relationships and spreading kindness, we cultivate joy and excitement. This attitude infuses our lives with meaning and keeps our spirits alive and thriving.

“Do not be afraid to see your weaknesses; it is not weakness to be weak.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to confront our vulnerabilities. Acknowledging our weaknesses is a sign of self-awareness and strength. Recognizing areas where we can improve helps us grow and change for the better. By embracing our true selves, we create an environment where personal development can flourish.

“A brother who is not very good has much to learn from another who is better.” Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights the importance of learning from one another. We all have unique strengths and weaknesses, and collaboration fosters growth. By engaging with those who inspire us, we can glean valuable insights. Let’s embrace opportunities for learning, knowing that others can teach us important lessons along our journey.

“Every moment spent in the presence of God is a gain.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes how important it is to connect with God regularly. Whether through prayer, meditation, or reflection, spending time in His presence enriches our lives. These moments allow us to recharge and align ourselves with our purpose. We need to cherish these connections, as they can provide the strength and guidance we need for our journeys.

“One man can be a great blessing to another, and he ought to be.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote underscores the importance of being supportive to one another. We have the potential to make a significant impact on those around us. By being a source of encouragement and kindness, we can enhance the lives of others. Building each other up creates a stronger community rooted in love and support.

“It is not possible to be a true disciple of Jesus Christ without facing trials.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote speaks to the intrinsic relationship between faith and adversity. Trials can refine and strengthen our faith. By persevering through challenges, we develop resilience and a deeper understanding of our beliefs. These experiences can ultimately draw us closer to God and help us grow in our spiritual journey.

“Faith is a living, daring confidence in God’s grace.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the dynamic nature of faith. It’s not a passive belief but instead an active trust in God’s grace. By having confidence in His love and provision, we can make bold choices and navigate life’s challenges. Living with this kind of faith inspires us to embrace courage while facing the unknown.

“Men of God, do not rest until you see your people rising above worldly concerns.”Charles Spurgeon

In this quote, we are reminded of our responsibility to elevate those around us. As individuals invested in community well-being, it is our calling to help others focus on spiritual and meaningful pursuits. By guiding those we care about towards a higher purpose, we foster growth that helps everyone flourish together.

“What you really are, is what you are in your inward self.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote invites us to reflect on our true selves. It reminds us that our inner thoughts and values shape who we are and how we interact with the world. By focusing on self-awareness and nurturing our inner selves, we can cultivate growth, authenticity, and positive transformation in our lives and the lives of others.

“Seek to cultivate a spirit of thankfulness.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the importance of gratitude. Fostering a thankful spirit helps us focus on the good in our lives, even amid adversity. Establishing a habit of appreciation can lead to greater happiness and contentment, strengthening our relationships and improving our outlook on life.

“Do not let your hearts be troubled; you believe in God, believe also in me.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us during uncertain times. By trusting in God, we can find peace and strength to face our struggles. Our faith serves as a foundation for navigating difficulties, reminding us of the ultimate hope we hold in Christ. Let’s lean into that trust to find comfort and guidance through challenges.

“It is better to be the smallest of God’s children than to be the mightiest of worldly kings.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote speaks to the value of humility and faith. It reminds us that our worth is not defined by worldly status or achievement but by our relationship with God. Embracing our place as His children grants us true significance. We should cherish this identity and allow it to guide our actions and decisions.

“Little by little, the seeds of grace and love can grow into great trees of faith.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote illustrates how small acts of kindness and faith can lead to significant transformations. Every positive deed contributes to the growth of love and grace, both in ourselves and others. Nurturing these seeds through intentional actions allows us to foster strong communities rooted in faith and compassion.

“A man may be a good soldier, though he may not be a great general.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights that everyone has unique strengths, whether they hold leadership positions or not. Our contributions matter, regardless of title. Recognizing our roles as vital parts of a greater mission helps us appreciate the diversity in our communities. Each person’s strengths can lead to collective success and growth.

“We cannot all be martyrs, but we can all be faithful.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us that we each have a role to play in expressing our faith. While not everyone is called to make extreme sacrifices, we can still live faithfully in our everyday lives. Our consistent commitment to our beliefs can have a significant impact on others and inspire them to seek a deeper relationship with God.

“Our Savior’s blood, let it be my power.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the transformative power of Christ’s sacrifice. Relying on His blood grants us strength and the ability to overcome our struggles. Understanding His sacrifice allows us to embrace His grace fully and motivates us to share that love with others. Together, we can cultivate a spirit of unity and faith.

“We must remember that there is a devil and that he is at work.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote serves as a reminder of the reality of spiritual battles. Recognizing the presence of challenges encourages us to be vigilant in our faith. By working together to support each other, we can triumph over adversities. Our faith can grow stronger through prayer and community, allowing us to resist negativity effectively.

“A joyful heart is like a good medicine.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the healing power of joy. A positive attitude can uplift our spirits and transform our experiences. By maintaining a joyful heart, we can support our well-being and those around us. Let’s embrace positivity in our lives, fostering resilience and hope in the face of challenges.

“The good men leave a legacy that influences generations.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us of the lasting impact our actions can have. By living with integrity and purpose, we can inspire future generations. We should strive to leave behind a legacy of love and compassion that encourages others to continue spreading goodness throughout life’s journey.

“The future is as bright as God’s promises.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote instills hope in the hearts of those who believe. By holding onto God’s promises, we can navigate uncertainties with courage and optimism. Trusting in His word can empower us to face the future with confidence and a renewed spirit. Let’s embrace that hope and encourage others to do the same.

“It is the fear of the Lord that is the beginning of wisdom.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights the foundational role of reverence for God in acquiring wisdom. When we acknowledge His authority, we open ourselves to understanding and growth. By seeking to deepen our relationship with God, we cultivate insight that can guide our decisions and shape our character throughout life.

“Faith sees the invisible, believes the unbelievable, and receives the impossible.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote captures the essence of faith’s transformative power. By believing in God’s promises, we open ourselves up to possibilities that others might deem unrealistic. Our faith empowers us to strive for what seems unattainable. Let’s continue nurturing our faith so we can witness those incredible possibilities unfold in our lives.

“We may not always understand God’s purposes, but we can trust His heart.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us of the importance of trust, even in uncertain times. Recognizing that we might not always see the bigger picture helps us to rely on God’s character and love. By surrendering our doubts, we can find peace and comfort in His unwavering heart. Trusting God strengthens our faith, allowing us to navigate life’s ups and downs.

“Let the Bible be the lamp to your feet and a light to your path.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the role of scripture as a guide in our lives. The Bible’s wisdom illuminates our journey and helps us make informed decisions. By regularly engaging with its teachings, we can receive guidance and insights that shape our paths. Let’s turn to the Bible as our source of strength and direction.

“Be not afraid of living out your faith; let it shine brightly for all to see.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to be bold in living our faith. By openly embodying our beliefs, we create a powerful witness and inspire those around us. Our actions can spark curiosity and a desire for faith in others. Let’s embrace our uniqueness and shine brightly in our communities, reflecting God’s love.

“God uses flawed people to accomplish His perfect plans.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us that we don’t have to be perfect to fulfill our purpose. God can use our imperfections to carry out His plans. Embracing our flaws allows us to rely on Him, trusting that He can transform us into vessels of love and grace. Let’s remain open to His guidance, knowing that our unique journeys matter.

“Speak the truth in love, and do not compromise your beliefs.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to stand firm in our beliefs while treating others with kindness. It’s important to communicate our truths with compassion and understanding. By doing so, we can foster respectful dialogues and encourage personal growth in ourselves and others. Let’s focus on sharing truth in a loving manner, making our impact a positive one.

“A sweet spirit brings harmony and joy wherever it goes.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes the significance of kindness and positivity. A cheerful attitude can uplift those around us, creating an environment of happiness. By nurturing our spirits, we can spread joy and foster connections with others. Let’s strive to maintain a sweet spirit in our interactions, contributing to a more harmonious world.

“We are called to be salt and light in a tasteless and dark world.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote highlights our role as agents of change in the world. By embracing our faith, we can illuminate the darkness and add flavor to the lives of others. Our influence can inspire hope and encourage genuine connections. Let’s commit ourselves to being the light and salt in our communities, drawing others to experience the love of God.

“The Lord will make a way for you, even when there is no way.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote instills hope in those facing obstacles. It reassures us that God is capable of overcoming any barrier in our lives. Trusting in His ability gives us the strength to move forward. Let’s remain open to the possibilities that lie ahead and have faith that He will light the way for us each step of the way.

“A thankful heart is not only the greatest virtue, but the parent of all the other virtues.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote underscores the importance of gratitude in cultivating other positive traits. A thankful heart shapes our perspective, encouraging kindness, humility, and compassion. By practicing gratitude regularly, we foster a cycle of virtues that enhances our character and relationships. Let’s nurture a thankful spirit to promote goodness in all aspects of our lives.

“Contentment is a rare jewel.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote acknowledges the challenge of finding contentment in our lives. It emphasizes the importance of appreciating what we have rather than constantly seeking more. Cultivating contentment allows us to experience true joy, peace, and fulfillment. Let’s work towards embracing what we have and celebrating life’s blessings, creating a more meaningful existence.

“Let us wait on God, for He is never late.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us of the importance of patience in our faith journeys. Trusting God’s timing is vital, even when we feel anxious for changes. By waiting on Him, we can develop resilience and grow in our understanding. Let’s embrace the lessons that come with waiting, knowing that His plans will unfold perfectly in our lives.

“In the midst of trouble, we must remember that God is still on His throne.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us of God’s presence and authority, even in challenging times. By focusing on His sovereignty, we can find peace and strength to persevere. Trusting that He remains in control helps us navigate difficulties with confidence. Let’s lean into our faith, knowing that He is always with us, guiding us through every storm.

“Faith makes all things possible; love makes all things easy.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote beautifully illustrates the power of faith and love in our lives. When we believe in something greater than ourselves, we can face challenges with courage. Coupling faith with love creates an environment where we can support each other and work through life’s difficulties more smoothly. Let’s commit to nurturing both qualities in our hearts.

“Every act of kindness brings us closer to Christ.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us that our small acts of kindness can have significant spiritual benefits. By serving others with love and compassion, we reflect the character of Christ. These interactions create genuine connections that can deepen our faith. Let’s strive to embody kindness in our daily lives, fostering a sense of community and togetherness that brings us closer to God.

“The soul that is in communion with God cannot be lonely.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us of the profound connection we can experience in our relationship with God. When we invest time in prayer and reflection, we cultivate a deep sense of belonging. This spiritual bond helps eliminate feelings of loneliness. Let’s nurture our communion with God to find solace and strength as we navigate life together.

“In every wound, there is a precious reflection of grace.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to view our struggles as opportunities for growth. Each hardship we face carries valuable lessons and the promise of God’s grace. By embracing our challenges, we can cultivate resilience and a sense of purpose. Let’s remember to seek the beauty in our wounds, allowing them to shape us into stronger individuals.

“God’s promises are like stars; the darker the night, the brighter they shine.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote beautifully illustrates the hope derived from God’s promises, especially during difficult times. Even when we face darkness and uncertainty, His promises remain steadfast, guiding us through. By holding onto that hope, we can find light amid our trials. Let’s encourage one another to embrace His promises and trust in His guidance to keep shining brightly.

“Service to others is the highest form of worship.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us of the importance of serving one another. Acts of kindness and support are not just good deeds; they represent our love for God and our fellow humans. By serving others, we build a more compassionate community. Let’s embrace opportunities to serve in our lives, reflecting God’s love and grace through our actions.

“Take the first step in faith. You don’t have to see the whole staircase, just take the first step.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote encourages us to embrace the unknown and trust in our journey. Taking that initial step of faith can lead to incredible growth and transformation. It reminds us that it’s okay not to have all the answers right away. Let’s focus on having courage in that first step, allowing faith to carry us through the rest.

“Your value doesn’t decrease based on someone’s inability to see your worth.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote serves as a powerful reminder of our inherent worth. We should never let others’ opinions define us. Recognizing our worth independent of external validation allows us to maintain our self-confidence. Let’s also encourage others to see their intrinsic value, fostering an atmosphere of support and love in our communities.

“Each day is a new opportunity to do something great.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote invites us to view each day as an opportunity for growth and impact. Every morning brings fresh possibilities and the potential for success. Embracing this mindset helps us to take risks and make the most of our time. Let’s approach every day with enthusiasm and a sense of purpose, ready to create something meaningful.

“Faith is the bird that feels the light and sings when the dawn is still dark.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote exemplifies the power of hope. Faith allows us to find positivity even in the darkest moments. By believing in a brighter future, we ignite a spirit of resilience within ourselves. Just as the bird sings, we too can express our joy, knowing that better days will come. Let’s nurture our faith and foster hope in our hearts together.

“Do not let your hearts be troubled; you believe in God, believe also in Jesus.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reassures us that we can find comfort in believing in God and Jesus. In moments of anxiety or uncertainty, we can lean on our faith to find peace. Trusting in their love helps us navigate life’s challenges with confidence. Let’s strive to cultivate this belief in our hearts, allowing it to guide us through our journey.

“The more we seek God, the more we find Him.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote emphasizes that our pursuit of God leads to deeper connections and understanding. The closer we draw to Him, the greater our revelation of His love and grace. By dedicating time to seek Him through prayer and reflection, we elicit profound transformations in our lives. Let’s embrace that search, knowing that God wants to reveal Himself to us.

“To be a Christian is to be in the company of those who are following Jesus.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote brings to light the importance of community in our faith journey. Being around others who share our beliefs provides support and encouragement. Together, we can navigate challenges and celebrate triumphs in our spiritual walks. Let’s commit to fostering these connections, creating an uplifting environment based on mutual love and understanding.

“God has chosen us not because we are worthy, but because He loves us.”Charles Spurgeon

This quote reminds us that our worthiness isn’t the basis for God’s love. Instead, He cherishes us unconditionally. Understanding this fundamental truth allows us to embrace our identity as beloved children of God. Let’s celebrate this gift and extend that love to others, fostering an environment of acceptance and kindness.

Final Thoughts

As we explore the wisdom of Charles Spurgeon, it’s clear that his words carry timeless insights into faith, love, and our purpose in life. His quotes inspire us to embrace challenges, nurture kindness, and cultivate a strong relationship with God. Through understanding ourselves and committing to serve others, we can create a more compassionate world. We can wear our faith with courage and allow our true identities to shine brightly. With this knowledge, let’s encourage each other to grow and inspire those around us.

There is so much more to explore about life’s experiences and lessons. If you enjoyed these quotes, consider checking out other inspiring messages like lying quotes or domestic violence quotes. They may offer even more wisdom and perspective.